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debian:upgradepathtemplate [2025/03/13 14:41]
135.181.74.243 old revision restored (2024/09/23 01:10) 		debian:upgradepathtemplate [2025/03/13 14:41] (current)
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 I will normally create a complete system clone and use this template to work out the entire correct and functional path for the production system in question. I will normally create a complete system clone and use this template to work out the entire correct and functional path for the production system in question.
- 
-Debian Release upgrade paths: 
- 
-  Jessie -> Buster -> Bullseye 
-  Stretch -> Buster -> Bullseye 
-  Buster -> Bullseye 
  
 ===== 1. Preparing for the upgrade ===== ===== 1. Preparing for the upgrade =====
  
  
-==== 1.1. Back up any data or configuration information ==== +1.1. Back up any data or configuration information 
- +1.2. Inform users in advance 
- Sometimes you will need certain server information at your fingertips during possible failures of the server. Figure out what you may need and make sure you have it local and ready. +1.3. Prepare for downtime on services 
-==== 1.2. Inform users in advance ==== +            Set maintainance window for upgrade with buffer 
- +1.4. Prepare for recovery 
-=== 1.2.1 - Who and How should be informed === +            Verify the recoverability of system from backup image 
- +1.5. Prepare a safe environment for the upgrade 
- Ensure the maintainance window you are planning is OK with all involved. +            Local terminal or SSH access 
- +1.6. Develop tests for section 3.3 that will ensure correct execution of needed tasks 
-=== 1.2.2 - Notify 1 Day prior to planned upgrade === +            i.e.: 
- +                a. Web server delivers correctly 
-=== 1.2.3 - Notify 2 Hours prior to beginn of upgrade === +                b. php scripts execute correctly 
-==== 1.3. Prepare for downtime on services ==== +                c. DB runs correctly 
- +                d. mail works
- Set maintainance window for upgrade with buffer +
- +
-==== 1.4. Prepare for recovery ==== +
- +
- Verify the recoverability of system from backup image +
- +
- This is the perfect time to assess the Backup plans, when not previously done, if you are hired to ensure the reliability of the infrastructure. +
-==== 1.5. Prepare a safe environment for the upgrade ==== +
- +
- Local terminal or SSH access +
- +
-==== 1.6. Develop tests for section 3.3 that will ensure correct execution of needed tasks ==== +
- +
- i.e.: +
-  a. Web server delivers correctly +
-  b. php scripts execute correctly +
-  c. DB runs correctly +
-  d. mail works +
- +
-===== 2. Checking system status =====+
  
 +2. Checking system status
  
   find NON-Pure Debian packages   find NON-Pure Debian packages
Line 55: Line 30:
     # apt-forktracer | sort     # apt-forktracer | sort
  
-==== 2.1. Review actions pending in package manager ==== +2.1. Review actions pending in package manager 
- +            # aptitude 
-    # aptitude +            Select GO and review 
-  Select GO and review +2.2. Disabling APT pinning 
- +            check /etc/apt/preferences & /etc/apt/preferences.d/ for entries 
-==== 2.2. Disabling APT pinning ==== +2.3. Checking packages status 
- +            # dpkg --audit 
- check /etc/apt/preferences & /etc/apt/preferences.d/ for entries +            # aptitude search "~ahold" 
- +            # dpkg --get-selections | grep 'hold$'
-==== 2.3. Checking packages status ==== +
- +
-  # dpkg --audit +
-  # aptitude search "~ahold" +
-  # dpkg --get-selections | grep 'hold$' +
- +
- To remove a hold on a package: +
-  echo package_name install | dpkg --set-selections +
- +
-==== 2.4. Remove proposed-updates section if present in /etc/apt/sources.list ==== +
- +
-==== 2.5. Verify Unofficial sources are available for target Debian version ==== +
- +
- +
-===== 3. Upgrading current version ===== +
- +
- +
-==== 3.1. Update current installation ==== +
- +
-  # sudo apt update +
- +
-==== 3.2. Upgrade current installation ==== +
- +
-  # sudo apt upgrade +
- +
-==== 3.3. Check functionality ==== +
- +
- Verify all services required of current host is functioning correctly +
- +
-==== 3.4. Upgrade current distribution ==== +
- +
-  # sudo apt dist-upgrade +
- +
-==== 3.5. Check functionality ==== +
- +
- see 3.3 above +
- +
-===== 4. Preparing sources for APT ===== +
- +
- +
-==== 4.1. Adding APT Internet sources ==== +
- +
-  # sudo sed -i 's/CURRENT_RELEASE/TARGET_RELEASE/g' /etc/apt/sources.list +
-  # sudo sed -i 's/CURRENT_RELEASE/TARGET_RELEASE/g' /etc/apt/sources.list.d/* +
- +
-==== 4.2. Adding APT sources for a local mirror ==== +
- +
- Only required for special in-house software +
- +
-==== 4.3. Adding APT sources from optical media ==== +
- +
- Only required for special 3rd party delivered software +
- +
-===== 5. Upgrading packages ===== +
- +
- +
- Ensure all partition mountpoints are mounted read-write +
- +
-  # mount -o remount,rw /mountpoint +
- +
-==== 5.1. Recording the session ==== +
- +
-  # script -t 2>~/upgrade-TARGET_RELEASEstep.time -a ~/upgrade-TARGET_RELEASEstep.script +
- +
- To replay session use scriptreplay +
-  # scriptreplay ~/upgrade-TARGET_RELEASE.time ~/upgrade-TARGET_RELEASE.script +
- +
-==== 5.2. Updating the package list ==== +
- +
-  # apt-get update +
- +
-==== 5.3. Make sure you have sufficient space for the upgrade ==== +
- +
-  # apt-get -o APT::Get::Trivial-Only=true dist-upgrade +
- +
-==== 5.4. Minimal system upgrade ==== +
- +
-  # apt-get upgrade +
- +
-==== 5.5. Check functionality ==== +
- +
- See 3.3 above +
- +
-==== 5.6. Upgrading the system ==== +
- +
-  # apt-get dist-upgrade +
- +
-==== 5.7. Check functionality ==== +
- +
- See 3.3 above +
- +
-===== 6. Possible issues during upgrade ===== +
- +
- +
-==== 6.1. Dist-upgrade fails with “Could not perform immediate configuration” ==== +
- +
-  # apt-get dist-upgrade -o APT::Immediate-Configure=0 +
- +
-==== 6.2. Expected removals ==== +
- +
-==== 6.3. Conflicts or Pre-Depends loops ==== +
- +
- use -o APT::Force-LoopBreak=1 with apt-get +
- or +
-  # dpkg --remove package_name +
- or +
-  # apt-get -f install +
-  # dpkg --configure --pending +
- or +
-  # dpkg --install /path/to/package_name.deb +
- +
-==== 6.4. File conflicts ==== +
- +
-  # dpkg -r --force-depends package_name +
- +
-==== 6.5. Configuration changes ==== +
- +
- Usually answer "YES" to files in /etc/init.d directory or /etc/manpath.config +
- +
-==== 6.6. Change of session to console ==== +
- +
- Ctrl+Alt+F1 should recover the terminal window +
- +
-===== 7. Upgrading kernel and related packages ===== +
- +
- +
-==== 7.1. Install any needed kernel metapackage ==== +
- +
- Check for meta package +
- +
-  # dpkg -l "linux-image*" | grep ^ii | grep -i meta +
- +
- if none are installed check which ones are available +
- +
-  # apt-cache search linux-image- | grep -i meta | grep -v transition+
  
- select correct one based on value returned by running "uname -r" eg. kernel “2.6.32-5-amd64”+         To remove a hold on a package: echo package_name install | dpkg --set-selections 
 +2.4. Remove proposed-updates section if present in /etc/apt/sources.list 
 +2.5. Verify Unofficial sources are available for target Debian version
  
-  # apt-cache show linux-image-amd64+3. Upgrading current version
  
-===== 8. Preparing for the next release =====+3.1. Update current installation 
 +            # sudo apt update 
 +3.2. Upgrade current installation 
 +            # sudo apt upgrade 
 +3.3. Check functionality 
 +            Verify all services required of current host is functioning correctly 
 +3.4. Upgrade current distribution 
 +            # sudo apt dist-upgrade 
 +3.5. Check functionality 
 +            see 3.3 above
  
 +4. Preparing sources for APT
  
-==== 8.1. Purging removed packages ====+4.1. Adding APT Internet sources 
 +            # sudo sed -i 's/CURRENT_RELEASE/TARGET_RELEASE/g' /etc/apt/sources.list 
 +            # sudo sed -i 's/CURRENT_RELEASE/TARGET_RELEASE/g' /etc/apt/sources.list.d/* 
 +4.2. Adding APT sources for a local mirror 
 +            Only required for special in-house software 
 +4.3. Adding APT sources from optical media 
 +            Only required for special 3rd party delivered software
  
- Remove redundant or obsolete packages. see 5.3 above+5. Upgrading packages
  
- get list of removed packages+    Ensure all partition mountpoints are mounted read-write 
 +        # mount -o remount,rw /mountpoint
  
-  # dpkg -l | awk '/^rc/ { print $2 }'+5.1. Recording the session 
 +            # script -t 2>~/upgrade-TARGET_RELEASEstep.time -a ~/upgrade-TARGET_RELEASEstep.script 
 +         To replay session use scriptreplay 
 +            # scriptreplay ~/upgrade-TARGET_RELEASE.time ~/upgrade-TARGET_RELEASE.script 
 +5.2. Updating the package list 
 +            # apt-get update 
 +5.3. Make sure you have sufficient space for the upgrade 
 +            # apt-get -o APT::Get::Trivial-Only=true dist-upgrade 
 +5.4. Minimal system upgrade 
 +            # apt-get upgrade 
 +5.5. Check functionality 
 +            See 3.3 above 
 +5.6. Upgrading the system 
 +            # apt-get dist-upgrade 
 +5.7. Check functionality 
 +            See 3.3 above
  
- remove using+6. Possible issues during upgrade
  
-  # apt-get purge $(dpkg -l | awk '/^rc/ { print $2 }')+6.1. Dist-upgrade fails with “Could not perform immediate configuration” 
 +            # apt-get dist-upgrade -o APT::Immediate-Configure=0 
 +6.2. Expected removals 
 +6.3. Conflicts or Pre-Depends loops 
 +            use -o APT::Force-LoopBreak=1 with apt-get 
 +         or 
 +            # dpkg --remove package_name 
 +        or 
 +            # apt-get -f install 
 +            # dpkg --configure --pending 
 +        or 
 +            # dpkg --install /path/to/package_name.deb 
 +6.4. File conflicts 
 +            # dpkg -r --force-depends package_name 
 +6.5. Configuration changes 
 +            Usually answer "YES" to files in /etc/init.d directory or /etc/manpath.config 
 +6.6. Change of session to console 
 +            Ctrl+Alt+F1 should recover the terminal window
  
- or use+7. Upgrading kernel and related packages
  
-  # aptitude search '~c' +7.1. Install any needed kernel metapackage 
-  # aptitude purge '~c'+            Check for meta package 
 +                # dpkg -l "linux-image*" | grep ^ii | grep -i meta 
 +            if none are installed check which ones are available 
 +                # apt-cache search linux-image- | grep -i meta | grep -v transition 
 +            select correct one based on value returned by running "uname -r" eg. kernel “2.6.32-5-amd64” 
 +                # apt-cache show linux-image-amd64
  
-===== 9. Obsolete packages =====+8. Preparing for the next release
  
 +8.1. Purging removed packages
 +            Remove redundant or obsolete packages. see 5.3 above
 +            get list of removed packages
 +                # dpkg -l | awk '/^rc/ { print $2 }'
 +            remove using
 +                # apt-get purge $(dpkg -l | awk '/^rc/ { print $2 }')
 +            or use
 +                # aptitude search '~c'
 +                # aptitude purge '~c'
  
-==== 9.1. Dummy packages ====+9. Obsolete packages
  
 +9.1. Dummy packages
debian/upgradepathtemplate.txt · Last modified: 2025/03/13 14:41 by 135.181.74.243

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